Quantum information science views the physical world from an information-theoretic perspective. From this viewpoint, obtaining information that enables us to distinguish between two overlapping physical states causes the quantum interference between those states to disappear. In other words, quantum interference occurs when the states remain indistinguishable.
Based on this principle, quantum interferometers are designed to perform highly precise measurements. The precision of such measurements is typically limited by the shot-noise limit. By employing quantum resources such as squeezed light, quantum entanglement, and single-photon sources in interferometric processes, it is possible to overcome this limitation and achieve quantum metrology beyond the shot-noise limit.
Although the laws of quantum mechanics impose another fundamental limit, known as the Heisenberg limit, surpassing the shot-noise limit opens the possibility of imaging beyond the diffraction limit.
In this talk, in addition to discussing the relevant theoretical concepts, we will review the experimental infrastructure required to implement quantum imaging setups, including Quantum Ghost Imaging and Quantum Imaging with Undetected Photons.